English example sentences with "caliphs"

Ironically, one of these Turks would become the sultan Osman I, who founded the Ottoman Empire in 1299 and reduced the role of the caliphs exclusively to the religious plane.
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Before modern day maps of the Middle East, before the Ottomans and the Romans, and before thousands of years of kings and caliphs, were the Assyrians—one of the world’s first modern empires.
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