Definition of "gall" in 英语

noun

1. (uncountable) Impudence or brazenness; temerity; chutzpah.

2. (anatomy, archaic, countable) A gallbladder.

3. (physiology, archaic, uncountable) Bile, especially that of an animal; the greenish, profoundly bitter-tasting fluid found in bile ducts and gall bladders, structures associated with the liver.

4. (figurative, uncountable) Great misery or physical suffering, likened to the bitterest-tasting of substances.

noun

1. (countable) A sore on a horse caused by an ill-fitted or ill-adjusted saddle; a saddle sore.

   • Riding a horse with bruised or broken skin can cause a gall, which frequently results in the white saddle marks seen on the withers and backs of some horses.

2. (pathology, countable) A sore or open wound caused by chafing, which may become infected, as with a blister.

3. (figurative, uncountable) A feeling of exasperation.

4. (countable, technical) A pit on a surface being cut caused by the friction between the two surfaces exceeding the bond of the material at a point.

verb

1. (ergative) To chafe, to rub or subject to friction; to create a sore on the skin.

2. (transitive, figurative) To bother or trouble.

3. (transitive, figurative) To harass, to harry, often with the intent to cause injury.

   • The disposition for these detachments is as follows – Morgans corps, to gain the enemy’s right flank; Maxwells brigade to hang on their left. Brigadier Genl. Scott is now marching with a very respectable detachment destined to gall the enemys left flank and rear.

4. (transitive, figurative) To exasperate.

5. (transitive, technical) To cause pitting on a surface being cut from the friction between the two surfaces exceeding the bond of the material at a point.

   • Improper cooling and a dull milling cutter on titanium can gall the surface.

6. (intransitive, obsolete, rare) To scoff; to jeer.

noun

1. (phytopathology) A blister or tumor-like growth found on the surface of plants, caused by various pathogens, especially the burrowing of insect larvae into the living tissues, such as that of the common oak gall wasp (Cynips quercusfolii).

2. A bump-like imperfection resembling a gall.

verb

1. (transitive) To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts in dyeing.