Definition of "filter" in Anglais

noun

1. A device which separates a suspended, dissolved, or particulate matter from a fluid, solution, or other substance; any device that separates one substance from another.

2. Electronics or software that separates unwanted signals (for example noise) from wanted signals or that attenuates selected frequencies.

3. Any item, mechanism, device, or procedure that acts to separate or isolate.

   • He runs an email filter to catch the junk mail.

4. (figurative) Self-restraint in speech.

   • He's got no filter, and he's always offending people as a result.

5. (mathematics, order theory) A non-empty upper set (of a partially ordered set) which is closed under binary infima (a.k.a. meets).

   • The collection of cofinite subsets of ℝ is a filter under inclusion: it includes the intersection of every pair of its members, and includes every superset of every cofinite set.
   • If (1) the universal set (here, the set of natural numbers) were called a "large" set, (2) the superset of any "large" set were also a "large" set, and (3) the intersection of a pair of "large" sets were also a "large" set, then the set of all "large" sets would form a filter.

6. (photography) A translucent object placed in the light path of a camera to remove certain wavelengths (colors), or a computer program that simulates such an effect.

7. (social media) An appearance-altering digital image effect.

verb

1. (transitive) To sort, sift, or isolate.

   • This strainer should filter out the large particles.

2. (transitive) To diffuse; to cause to be less concentrated or focused.

   • The leaves of the trees filtered the light.

3. (intransitive) To pass through a filter or to act as though passing through a filter.

   • The water filtered through the rock and soil.

4. (intransitive) To move slowly or gradually; to come or go a few at a time.

   • The crowd filtered into the theater.

5. (intransitive) To ride a motorcycle between lanes on a road

   • I can skip past all the traffic on my bike by filtering.

6. (intransitive, derogatory, fandom slang) To be discouraged where a connoisseur or hardcore fan would not.

   • Most people get filtered by that episode.